Grain



(No Model.) I 2 Shets-Sheet 2.

J.'SLOAN. DEGORTIGATING GRAIN.

No. 484,258. Patented Oct. 11, 1892.

TNE'NDRRIS Prrsis co rnu'ro-urno wnsummau, n. 'c.

UNIT D STATES PATENT Grrrcs.

JULES SLOAN, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

DECORTICATING GRAIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,258, dated October11, 1892.

Application filed April 18 J 1890. Serial No. 348,487- (No model.)Patented in Belgium January 8, 1890, No. 66,732; in France January 9,1890, No. 189,931, and in England Pebruaryl, 1890, No. 1,772.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULEs SLOAN, engineer, of Paris, in the Republic ofFrance, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in an Apparatusfor Decorticating Grain, (E01 which I have obtained Letters Patent inBelgium, dated January 8, 1890, No. 66,732; in France, dated January 9,1890, No. 189,931, and in England, dated February 1, 1890, No. 1,772,)of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved apparatus for the hulling ordecortication of corn or other grain.

The improved apparatus comprises two peculiarly fluted or corrugatedcylinders or rollers, which instead of turning in opposite directions atdifferential velocities for obraining a decorticating action, as is mostcommon with machines of this class, turn in the same direction, so thattheir contiguous faces will pass each other in opposite directions, asshown in the accompanying drawings. Moreover, my improved cylinders arefurther distinguished from ordinary reduction cylinders by thearrangement of the corrugations or their perimeters, which cannot by anymeans be directed in the same direction and angle on both cylinderswhich run at different speeds, because in this case the most of thegrain would be crushed near one extremity of the cylinders withoutundergoing the desired rubbing action; but I have found it necessary inorder to produce the best results to cause the corrugations of the twocylinders when rotating to cross at a determined angle correspondingmost favorably with the action, which angle of crossing cannot, beconstant, but, on the contrary, varies with the rapidity with which thecylinders rotate. In fact, that action on the grain passing between thecylinders depends in part upon the time that the crossed corrugationsemploy in making it pass, so that the more rapidly the cylinders turnthe less the corrugations ought to be inclined. In order to fix the ideait can be said that if an inclination of fifteen degrees for thecorrugations of a roll corresponds to a rapidity of rotation of onehundred turns it would be necessary that this inclination be about fivedegrees for a rapidity of three hundred turns, and the degree of openingof the which tends to throw it upward and the other i to take itdownward, is caused to turn during the time which it remains between thetwo cylinders or rollers. The cylinder or roller tending to carry thegrain downward is rotated at a great velocity, while the cylinder orroller which has a tendency to throw it upward is turned more slowly, sothat after a certain number of turns the former cylinder or rollerconveys the grain through the space between it and the center or thenearest point of contact with the second cylinder or roller, whereuponthis grain falls downthat is to say, after it has passed through all thephases of the hulling or decortication. When the grain passes betweenthe cylinders or rollers and performs its first turn, it will beslightly cracked, after which it is hulled, and

on passing the center the granules still attached to the barn aredetached. It is not intended to effect the hulling or decortication ofthe grain according to my invention in a single operation, but in two,three, or.rnore successive reducing operations, one of which serves forthe removal of the outer parts and the other or others for completingthe cleansing of the bran.

I will now proceed to describe the preferred form of my improvedapparatus (shown in the accompanying drawings) for hulling ordecorticating corn or other grain.

In said drawings, Figure l is a transverse sectional elevation ofa millembodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a detail side elevationrepresenting the differential gearing for driving the cylinders atdifierent rates of speed in the same direction. Fig. 3 is a top planrepresentation of the cylinders, showing the dress.

A is a suitable hopper supported above the cylinders for feeding anddistributing the grain to be hulled or decorticated. This distributionis effectedautomatically, according to the quantity of the grain in thesaid hopper, which is an indispensable condition in automatic hullingoperations. A spring-controlled gate arranged in one side of the hopperyields each time when the quantity of the material is increased in thehopper and-a-llows the excess to pass. Accordingly the distributiontakes place in direct proportion to the quantity of material which is inthe hopper. This distributing device may be of any suitableconstruction. The grain .thusidisa tributed falls between the twocylinders or rollers, one of which B is held in ifixedibearw ings and isrevolved ata high -velocit-ypwhile the other C, which revolves at asmall velocity, is mounted in two sleevesMrfonmed-in the upperends oflevers E,whieh.areiadapted to oscillate upon their axis 'J hrongh thelowerend of each of the aforesaid ilevers E extends a rodG, surroundedby a spring K, which iisconfined thereon between tiheflower end ofone ofthe levers E-andthetendicif "the rod G bymeans of screw-nuts K, engaginginders or rollers to reoedegfiromxthe'otherziln case pieces of iron 201'the like shouldipass between them. The aforesaid 'I'OdStG' :ame ipro--vided at their opposite @ends with remlangements or eyes G, which aremounted upon suitable eccentrics controlled ibyta'n tQPfiiifliting-leverJ. This lower is secured nponithe shaft 1 of thersaid eccentries which:Si1&fzil:ex-. tends through :the entire midthsof t'he aippa ratus andcarries an.eceentriciateaehiendiand serves to establish a connectionthQbW9Il the two ileversE,-.so itha-t they mayibe snowed in unison.

The flutes or eorrugationsion athe-snnfiaee-of the cylinders =or-rollers iBand LC :are I arranged r spirally, left-handed thneadsbeing.fonmed on 1 one of the cylinders or n'ollersiand mighthanded threads onthe other,-.assho-wn;in Fig. 3. The inclinations-of the th readson :the.two cylinders or rollers must not be eqn-ahibutin inverse ratio to thevelocity impartedzto :the saidcylinders or rollers. :For example, ifithecylinderor roller which tends ito throw :thegrain upward makesfifty"revolutionszand-tbe cylinder or roller which tends $0 carry thegrain downward makes one hundredandififity revolutions the first isrprovided with :lefthanded threads extending rat an inclination ofseventy-five millimeters :in three hundred. and fifty millimetersiandthe secondwviithithe rollers are,-however,-substituted for the flutedcylinders or rollers.

- As'hereinbefore stated, the cylinders B and C are run in the samedirection at difierent rates of speed, the speed corresponding to theinclinations of the corrugationson the cylinders. "For accomplishingthis purpose I providethe 'journal'ends of the cylinders B and C withthedifierential gear-wheels B and C,

respectively, which are geared together by the intermediate gear 19.,the cylinder -B being driven by the handpulley B .on its eppositejournal end. i :It is quite iclearithat :byehangi-Itg :thedilierentialgear :between the twooylinders itheir erelatiivespeeds of revolution eanbe arranged ,tosuihanyichangezin the relation of their corrugation s.

Having'now fully described my saidinvention and in what manner-the samehas to be performed, what Ie612ti=mri$- 1. Theccomzhination of therotatable roll B and =the rotatable n'oll Q,arranged to rotate :in

the same direction at diEerentspeeds,-one of said rolls hearing lefthandispirali corrugations andtthe other thawing right-hand spiralcorrugations, substantially asset ifonth.

Themomhination of the coil B and the roll -.C., :arnanged to rotate "inthe same direc- 'tion at diifierentspeeds one .of said rollshavinglefit-handspiralieornugationsandthe other night1hand spiralicorrugations, ithe inclina- 'tionsiof vsaid tcorrugations 'beingarranged in pivoted ilevers E,rrods =G, passingthrongh the .lomerends.of said levers and provided with eyes*G,.springs.K,seated-on said rods:and corriiuedagainst thezlowerend-sof levers E, shaft -I, marryingeccentrics which engage in the eyes 1G, and a lever .J :fOI operatingsaid eccentrics, substantially as set forth.

In :testimony whereof -I have hereunto set myhand this 27th dayofFebruary, 1890.

. JU'IIE'S SLQAN. Witnesses:

.HU. @CERNETHE, E-vnnnrr.

